November 7, 2013 The active form of thiamine is thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) which is essential for the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and Step 4 of the Kreb’s cycle. It is also essential for...

November 7, 2013 Riboflavin is needed for the formation of flavin mononucleotide (FMN, seen in Complex I of the ETS) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD, from Step 6 of the Krebs). Below is a diagram...

November 4, 2013 Good sources: meats, liver, nuts, whole and enriched grains. Some niacin can be synthesized from tryptophan (inefficient). DRI: 12-16 mg/d Functions: Co-enzyme...

November 4, 2013 It means “It’s everywhere.” Apparently they named it this because it can be found in a number of sources. Good sources: Liver, broccoli, and egg yolks. DRI: 4-5 mg/d. No RDA...

October 30, 2013 Vitamin B6 is actually composed of a group of chemicals: pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine. Pyridoxine is found in plants and the other two are found mainly in animals...

October 30, 2013 Good sources: Cheese, egg yolks, milk, fish, peanut butter, & liver. DRI: 20-30 mg/d Functions: Biotin is required for proper metabolism of fats and carbohydrates...

October 29, 2013 In contrast to the other water soluble vitamins, cobalamin is stored in the body (~4-5 mg). There are 2 primary forms with which most people supplement: cyanocobalamin and...

October 28, 2013 Vitamin C is a very important nutrient for a number of reasons. It is essential for several functions in the body which I’ve listed below. It is extremely safe. In fact, in the...

October 28, 2013 Vitamin D is really more of a hormone than a vitamin and it can be synthesized in the body. It is synthesized in the skin due to sunlight exposure. It is actually a group of sterols...